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Child Maltreatment
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Father Involvement and Children's Functioning at Age 6 Years: A Multisite Study

Howard Dubowitz

University of Maryland School of Medicine

Maureen M. Black

University of Maryland School of Medicine

Christine E. Cox

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine

Mia A. Kerr

University of Maryland School of Medicine

Alan J. Litrownik

San Diego State University

Aruna Radhakrishna

School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Diana J. English

Office of Children's Administration Research, Seattle

Mary Wood Schneider

Juvenile Protection Association, Chicago

Desmond K. Runyan

University of North Carolina School of Medicine

Research suggests that fathers' involvement in their children's lives is associated with enhanced child functioning. The current study examined (a) whether presence of a father was associated with better child functioning, (b) whether children's perceptions of fathers' support was associated with better functioning, and (c) whether the above association was moderated by the father's relationship to the child, the child's race, and the child's gender. Participants included 855 six-year-old children and their caregivers. Father presence was associated with better cognitive development and greater perceived competence by the children. For children with a father figure, those who described greater father support had a stronger sense of social competence and fewer depressive symptoms. The associations did not differ by child's gender, race, or relationship to the father figure. These findings support the value of fathers' presence and support to their children's functioning. Priorities for future research include clarifying what motivates fathers to be positively involved in their children's lives and finding strategies to achieve this.

Child Maltreatment, Vol. 6, No. 4, 300-309 (2001)
DOI: 10.1177/1077559501006004003


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